Cooling Curve https://coolingcurve.com/en/ Gas turbine blade casting: patents and papers en Predicting a superalloy's shrinkage-porosity tendency from its residual liquidhttps://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/shrinkage-porosity-residual-liquid/https://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/shrinkage-porosity-residual-liquid/Tue, 03 Nov 2026 09:00:00 GMTA Beijing group proposes ranking porosity tendency by two properties of the last liquid – the solid–liquid density difference and its viscosity – via Darcy's law.Casting defects The critical Rayleigh number for freckles depends on alloy compositionhttps://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/rayleigh-critical-composition/https://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/rayleigh-critical-composition/Tue, 03 Nov 2026 09:00:00 GMTMIT and ORNL derive a criterion for the onset of local remelting in the mushy zone. Its critical value is not an alloy constant – it changes along the solidification path and shifts noticeably even within a narrow composition range.Casting defects Kyanite in printed silica cores – expansion on decomposition offsets shrinkagehttps://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/kyanite-printed-silica-cores/https://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/kyanite-printed-silica-cores/Tue, 03 Nov 2026 09:00:00 GMTTianjin University and BIAM: with 15% kyanite and sintering at 1225 °C, the printed core's sintering shrinkage fell to 3.06% and its sag at 1540 °C to 0.82 mm.Ceramic cores Wax rods on the pattern draw freckles away from a single-crystal bladehttps://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/freckles-wax-rods-cn121732710a/https://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/freckles-wax-rods-cn121732710a/Tue, 03 Nov 2026 09:00:00 GMTA patent application: where freckles show up on a trial casting, thin wax rods are attached to the pattern across or along the convection flow. The segregation channels move into these ribs, which are ground off afterwards.Casting defects Baffles fixed to the shell even out the temperature field during single-crystal withdrawalhttps://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/radiation-baffles-cn121715541a/https://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/radiation-baffles-cn121715541a/Tue, 03 Nov 2026 09:00:00 GMTAn SJTU application: ceramic-fibre plates at critical levels of the mould block vertical radiation and reduce front tilt. Lower freckle and stray-grain tendency is claimed.Directional and single-crystal solidification The seed-to-mould gap as a source of stray grains at the base of a single crystalhttps://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/seed-gap-chilled-layer/https://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/seed-gap-chilled-layer/Tue, 03 Nov 2026 09:00:00 GMTMolten metal from the seed runs into the gap and freezes as a chilled layer. With a 0.3 mm gap the casting stays single-crystal; with 1.0 mm, stray grains grow out of the layer.Directional and single-crystal solidification Getting the pattern out of the shell – a VIAM review of dewaxing methodshttps://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/viam-dewaxing-review/https://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/viam-dewaxing-review/Tue, 03 Nov 2026 09:00:00 GMTHot water, hot air, superheated wax, polyglycols, boilerclave steam, microwaves, dissolving salt patterns – what each method means for shell cracking, wax recovery and safety.Shell moulds and wax patterns VZhL22 with 2% rhenium – how withdrawal rate and pouring temperatures affect single-crystal yieldhttps://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/vzhl22-casting-parameters/https://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/vzhl22-casting-parameters/Tue, 03 Nov 2026 09:00:00 GMTVIAM ran a three-factor designed experiment on a UVNK liquid-metal-cooling furnace and obtained regression models for yield, orientation and PDAS.Superalloys PDAS across a single-crystal casting – why dendrites are not finest next to the chill ringhttps://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/pdas-inclined-liquidus/https://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/pdas-inclined-liquidus/Tue, 03 Nov 2026 09:00:00 GMTIn an industrial Bridgman furnace the side of the rod next to the chill ring, where the axial gradient is highest, had a coarser PDAS than the centre. The tilt of the liquidus isotherm matters, not just G and v.Directional and single-crystal solidification A water-soluble alumina core for single-crystal bladeshttps://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/water-soluble-alumina-core-cn103601474a/https://coolingcurve.com/en/materials/water-soluble-alumina-core-cn103601474a/Tue, 03 Nov 2026 09:00:00 GMTA Jiangsu University patent: fused alumina with quartz and MgO on a sodium phosphate and sodium aluminate binder, claimed to dissolve in caustic or hot water in 2–4 hours.Ceramic cores